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Asher Wright
Asher Wright

Fates: Determination Vep1-4 [PATCHED]


AtStR1 was expressed in Ath Col-0 wt but not in AtStR1- mutant plants, verifying the stable knockout of AtStR1 in the homozygous plants used here (Figure 4). AtStR2 was strongly expressed in seedlings (Figure 4b) and cold-treated adult leaves (Figure S3) but poorly in adult leaves of non-stressed A. thaliana plants (Arabidosis eFP browser 2.0; Figure 4a and Figure S3). Since AtStR2 is not expressed in leaves (in normal conditions), AtStR2 activity did not interfere with the determination of AtStR1 activities in the enzyme assays of leaf extracts (Figure S4). Other enzymes possibly converting progesterone to 5β-pregnane-3,20-dione seemed to be inactive (Figure S4).




Fates: Determination vep1-4


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Virginia Papaioannou (aka Ginny) was awarded emerita status in 2017 upon her retirement from the Department of Genetics and Development at Columbia University Medical Center, where she was active in teaching and research for 24 years. Her research laboratory had a long-standing interest in the genetic control of early mammalian development, from the first cleavage of the fertilized zygote through implantation, gastrulation, and early organogenesis. She used a variety of approaches to study the determination of cell lineages and the interactions of the developing embryo with the maternal environment, taking advantage of both naturally occurring and experimentally induced mutations. A major strength of the laboratory was the combination of classic experimental embryology techniques with molecular biology and targeted mutagenesis. She is the co-author of an acclaimed book, currently being revised for a second edition, titled Manipulating the Mouse Embryo, A Handbook of Mutation Analysis.


Her laboratory extensively studied a family of transcription factor genes, the T-box gene family. The genes are highly conserved in evolution and have been implicated in the control of mesoderm formation and in inductive interactions in the organogenesis of organs such as mammary gland, heart, lung, and limbs. She investigated the role of Tbx6 in the decision between neural and mesodermal fates and left/right body axis determination, and the roles of Tbx2, Tbx3, Tbx4 and Tbx5 in heart, limb, mammary gland and lung development. Her interest is in understanding how these genes control cell fate and tissue specification decisions during early development. Several mutations in human T-box genes have been shown to be responsible for developmental birth defects and by using targeted mutagenesis, the Papaioannou laboratory produced mouse models for the human DiGeorge syndrome (TBX1), the ulnar mammary syndrome (TBX3), the small patella syndrome (TBX4), spondylocostal dysostosis (TBX6), and kidney defects (TBX6). 041b061a72


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